Russula Persoon
Observ. mycol. 1: 100. 1796.

Russula is a large genus of chalky-brittle ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. The genus is easy to recognize in the field, but the species are often hard to identify.

Principle characteristics of the genus Russula:

• Spore deposit white, cream, yellowish, to ochre
• Lamellae attached, white to yellowish
• Stipe chalky brittle
• Annulus absent
• Volva absent
• Flesh with clusters of sphaerocysts
• Spores with an amyloid ornamentation of warts, ridges, or reticulations

Keys and descriptions of the genus Russula:

• Trial field key to the species of RUSSULA in the Pacific Northwest
• Thiers, H.D. (1997). The Agaricales (Gilled Fungi) of California. 9. Russulaceae I. Russula. Mad River Press: Eureka, CA.

Russula species known to occur in California:

1. Russula abietina Peck
2. Russula adusta (Pers.) Fr.
3. Russula aeruginea Fr.
4. Russula albida Peck
5. Russula albidula Peck
6. Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr.
7. Russula alutacea (Fr.) Fr.
8. Russula americana Singer
9. Russula amethystina Quél.
10. Russula amoena Quél.
11. Russula amoenicolor Romagn.
12. Russula amoenolens Romagn.
13. Russula amygdaloides Kauffman
14. Russula atrata Shaffer
15. Russula atroviolacea Burl.
16. Russula aurantiolutea Kauffman
17. Russula azurea Bres.
18. Russula basifurcata Peck
19. Russula bicolor Burl.
20. Russula blackfordiae Peck
21. Russula borealis Kauffman
22. Russula brevipes
    1. var. acrior Shaffer
    2. var. brevipes Peck
    3. var. megaspora Shaffer
23. Russula brunneola Burl.
24. Russula brunneoviolacea Crawshay
25. Russula burgeae Thiers
26. Russula caerulea (Pers.) Fr.
27. Russula californiensis Burl.
28. Russula cascadensis Shaffer
29. Russula cerolens Z. Schaef.
30. Russula cessans A. Pearson
31. Russula chamaeleontina (Lasch) Fr.
32. Russula consobrina (Fr.) Fr.
33. Russula corinthiirubra Burl.
34. Russula crassotunicata Singer
35. Russula cremoricolor Earle
36. Russula crenulata Burl.
37. Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr.
38. Russula densifolia Secr. ex Gillet
39. Russula dissimulans Shaffer
40. Russula eccentrica Peck
41. Russula elaeodes (Bres.) Romagn. ex Bon
42. Russula ellenae Thiers
43. Russula farinipes Romell
44. Russula flaviceps Peck
45. Russula fragilis Fr.
46. Russula fragrantissima Romagn.
47. Russula gracilis Burl.
48. Russula granulata Peck
49. Russula graveolens Romell
50. Russula grisea (Batsch) Fr.
51. Russula grundii Thiers
52. Russula heterophylla (Fr.) Fr.
53. Russula integra (L.) Fr.
54. Russula laurocerasi Melzer
55. Russula lilacea Quél.
56. Russula maculata Quél. & Roze
57. Russula marginata Burl.
58. Russula maxima Burl.
59. Russula mendocinensis Thiers
60. Russula mordax Burl.
61. Russula murrillii Burl.
62. Russula mustelina Fr.
63. Russula nigricans (Bull.) Fr.
64. Russula occidentalis Singer
65. Russula ochroleuca (Pers.) Fr.
66. Russula olivacea (Schaeff.) Fr.
67. Russula pacifica Thiers
68. Russula paludosa Britzelm.
69. Russula parazurea Jul. Schäff.
70. Russula paxilloides Earle
71. Russula pectinatoides Peck
72. Russula pelargonia Niolle
73. Russula placita Burl.
74. Russula praetenuis Murrill
75. Russula puellaris Fr.
76. Russula punicea Thiers
77. Russula pusilla Peck
78. Russula queletii Schulzer
79. Russula raoultii Quél.
80. Russula rhodopoda Zvára
81. Russula rosea Pers.
82. Russula sanguinea (Bull.) Fr.
83. Russula semirubra Singer
84. Russula sierrensis Thiers
85. Russula silvicola Shaffer
86. Russula simillima Peck
87. Russula smithii Singer
88. Russula stuntzii Grund
89. Russula subalutacea Burl.
90. Russula tenuiceps Kauffman
91. Russula turci Bres.
92. Russula urens Romell
93. Russula versicolor Jul. Schäff.
94. Russula vesca Fr.
95. Russula veternosa
    1. var. duriuscula Bon
    2. var. veternosa Fr.
96. Russula vinacea Burl.
97. Russula vinosobrunnea (Bres.) Romagn.
98. Russula viscida Kudřna
99. Russula xanthoporphyrea Thiers
100. Russula xerampelina (Schaeff.) Fr.

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