Mushroom Art Registry:
High Renaissance (ca. 1500-1600)
Aelst, van, Pieter Coecke. Flemish. 1502-1556
- — A —
- Title: The Sacrifice of Isaac, from “Story of Abraham.” TAPESTRY Conceived by Bernaert van Orley. Dutch, 1528-31
- Note: Woven in Kempereer workshop, Bruxelles, 1540-41
- Location: Hampton Court Palace
- Mushroom description: One, possibly Amanita muscaria.
- Viewed at: Exhibition, Metropolitan Museum, New York City: Tapestries in the Renaissance. 2002.
- — B —
- Title: Triumph of Lust, from “Seven Deadly Sins.”
- Note:Woven in Bruxelles, 1542-43 (Tapestry)
- Location: Palacio Real, Madrid
- Mushroom description: Unidentified mushroom(s)
- Web: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Allori, Alessandro. Italian. Florence 1535-id. 1607
- — A —
- Title: Sacrifice of Isaac
- Medium: Oil on wood, 94x131 cm.
- Location: Uffizi Gallery, Florence
- Mushroom description: Amanita caesarea and other capped mushrooms in lower right
- Reference: Berti, L., et al. The Uffizi. Scala. Milan. 1980
- Web: Uffizi
- — B —
- Title: Christ and the Canaan woman
- Location: S. Giovannino degli Scolopi, Florence
- Mushroom description: Indistinct white mushrooms in foreground
- Web:Scala Archives
- — C —
- Title: Penitent Magdalene. 1601-02
- Medium: Oil on Canvas
- Location: Museo Stibbert, Florence, Italy
- Mushroom description: Two boletes, growing on a dead tree. Both have brown pilei and white stipes. One is ca. 5x12 cm and has a closed white veil, the other is ca. 12x 8 cm, with an open veil
- Reference: Magnificenza! The Medici, Michelangelo, and the Art of Late Renaissance Florence. p139. Yale Univ. Press. 2002
Arcimboldo, Giuseppe.(Italian. Milan 1527- id. 1593
- — A —
- Title: Autumn
- Location: Pinacoteca. Brescia, Italy
- Mushroom description: One or two Amanita caesarea on inner left thigh of reclining figure
- Reference: Wasson, G and V. Mushrooms, Russia, and History. New York: Pantheon Books. 1957.
- Reference: Gabrius website
- — B —
- Title: Autumn. 1573
- Location: The Louvre
- Mushroom description: Human face. The ear is a gilled mushroom
- Reference: Krigeskorte. G. Arcimboldo, Cologne, 1988. Schneider. Stilleben, Cologne. 1989.
- Note: A painting by the same title is mentioned as missing in Krigeskorte. G. Arcimboldo, Cologne 1988. A similar one is in a private collection in Bergamo, Italy (see Krigeskorte)
- Reference: Gabrius website
- Web: Wikipedia
- — C —
- Title: Winter. 1563
- Medium: Oil on panel, 67 x 51 cm.
- Location: Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
- Mushroom description: Two polypores, perhaps ganodermas, serve as the lips to a figure otherwise composed of wood
- Note: A similar painting, dated 1572, oil on canvas 92.7 x 71.7 cm is in the Dominique de Menil Collection, Houston, Texas. Others by the same title are in a private collection, in the Louvre, the Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlung, Munich, and in a private collection in Bergamo, Italy
- Reference: Brockhaus Enzyklopedie, Vol. 2. Mannheim, 1987.
- Reference: Gabrius website
- Web: Web Gallery of Art
- Web: For the one in the Louvre, see Olga's Gallery
- — D —
- Title: The vegetable gardener. ca.1590
- Medium: Oil on wood
- Location: Museo Civico Ala Ponzone, Cremona, Italy
- Mushroom description: Turned upside down, the lips are two gilled mushrooms (Amanita caesarea?)
- Reference: Krigeskorte, W. Arcimboldo. Cologne. 1988.
- Reference: Gabrius website
- — E —
- The Fire. (Il Fuoco, Das Feuer.) ca. 1590
- Title: Medium: Oil.
- Mushroom description: Items under the fire are probably “German tinder” made from Fomes fomentarius
- Location: Kunsthistorisches Museum (Gemäldegallerie), Vienna
- References: Krigeskorte, W. Arcimboldo. Cologne. 1988. Fruth, H. J. Rhein-westfalen Z. Volkskunde. 1993 (18: 183).Meisterwerke der Kunst. Chur. 1994
- Note: Wasson, G. and V. Mushrooms, Russia, and History. NY: Pantheon Books. 1957, notes that other Arcimboldos with mushrooms are owned by the Mable Ringling Museum of Art, Sarasota, Florida, and by Edward James, Esq., Chichester, UK. There are several more.
Baldung Grien, Hans. German. Gmund 1484/85 – Strasbourg 1545.
- — A —
- Title: Three Ages of Man and Three Graces. 1539
- Medium: Oil on panel, 151 x 61 cm (each)
- Location: Prado, Madrid
- Mushroom description: Polypores on dead tree
- Web: Olga's Gallery
- — B —
- Title: Three Ages of the Woman and The Death. 1510
- Medium: Oil on limewood, 48 x 32,5 cm.
- Location: Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
- Mushroom description: Two polypores on dead tree
- Web: ibiblio
- — C —
- Title: The Crucifixion of Christ (Die Kreuzigung Christi) 1512
- Medium: Oil
- Location: Kulturforum, Gemäldegalerie (Berlin, Inventory #603)
- Mushroom description: Paxillus involutus in lower edge and possibly Armillaria
- Web: Olga's Gallery
Bazzi, Giovanni Antonio (called Il Sodoma). Italian. 1477-1549
- Title: Cristo al Linsba. Fresco
- Location: Pinacoteca Nazionale, Siena, Italy
- Mushroom description : Two capped mushrooms on left, highly decayed
Bedoli, Girolamo (called Mazzola). Italian. Viadana ca. 1500-Parma 1569
- Title: Mary with child and John between Saints Sebastian and Francis (Maria mit Kind und Johannes zwichen dem Heiligen Sebastian und dem Heiligen Franziskus)
- Location: Galerie Alte Meister, Dresden
- Mushroom description: Cap mushroom, perhaps Lactarius piperatus
- Reference: Dresden Catalog 1992.
Bles, Herri met de (called “Il Civetta,” the Owl). Flemish. Bouvignes ca. 1480- Ferrara ? ca. 1550
- — A —
- Title: Monkeys plundering the goods of a merchant who is asleep under a tree (Affen plündern den Kram eines Händlers, der under einem Baum eingeschlafen ist)
- Location: Galerie der Alte Meister, Dresden. (Inventory #806)
- Mushroom description : Several capped mushrooms, perhaps Coprinus
- Reference: Dresden Catalog. 1992.
- — B —
- Title: Landscape with flight from Egypt (Landschaft mit der Flucht nach Ägypten)
- Location: Ermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Medium: Oil on oak, 50x80 cm.
- Mushroom description: Group of polypores in middle foreground
- Reference:. Niederländ. Malereien des 15. und 16. Jh. in sowjetischen Museen. Leningrad. 1957.
- Web: Olga's Gallery
- — C —
- Title: Christ bearing the cross
- Medium: 52x72 cm.
- Location: Gemaeldegalerie der Akademie der bildenden Künste, Vienna.
- Mushroom description: Foreground, two clumps of small mushrooms, third clump in lower right
- Reference:. Wasson, G. and V. Mushrooms, Russia, and History. New York: Pantheon Books. 1957.
- Web: Academie der bildenden Künste
- — D —
- Note: Princeton University Art Museum has one similar to the above. Mentioned in Wasson, G. and V. Mushrooms, Russia, and History. New York: Pantheon Books. 1957.
Breughel (Bruegel), Pieter, the Elder (also known as the Peasant’s Breughel)Flemish. Near Breda ca. 1528 - Bruxelles 1569
- — A —
- Title: The Misanthrope. 1558
- Medium: Tempera on cloth
- Location: Museo Nazionale di Napoli. Naples, Italy
- Mushroom description: Two mushrooms and a cluster of vaguely discernible mushrooms to the right of tree stump. Russulas, boletes?
- Reference: Wasson, G. and V. Mushrooms, Russia, and History. New York: Pantheon Books. 1957.
- Web : Olga's Gallery
- — B —
- Title: Visit to the farmhouse.
- Location: Stibbert Museum, Florence
- Mushroom description: A cauldron of food in the center of the room shows several stipitate mushrooms, perhaps Agaricus
- Web: Scala Archives
- — C —
- Title: The Rabbit Hunt. 1566
- Mushroom description: Two mushrooms in the lower right foreground
Breughel (Bruegel), Jan, the Elder. Flemish. 1568-1625
- Title: Sermon of St. John the Baptist (Prädigt des Hl. Johannes der Täufer)
- Medium: Oil on wood
- Location: Szepmuveseti Muzeum, Budapest, Hungary
- Mushroom description: Two small unidentifiable capped mushrooms on right background
- Reference: Catalog. Alte Pinakothek. Munich. 1999.
Bronzino, Agnolo di Cosimo. Italian, Florence 1503 – Florence 1572.
- — A —
- Title: The sacrifice of Abraham
- Location: Uffizi Galleries, Florence. Not on exhibit
- Mushroom description: Leccinum versipellis and other boletes
- Reference: Mentioned by S. Killermann, 1927.
- — B —
- Note: With Raffaellino dal Colle. Borders with Lorenzo Zucchetti and Alessandro Allori.
- Title: Joseph Is Recognized by His Brothers. From “Story of Joseph.”
- Note: Woven in the workshops of Nicolas Karcher, Florence, 1550-53 (Tapestry)
- Medium: Wool, silk, and silver- and gilt-metal-wrapped thread; 556x450 cm.
- Location: Palazzo Pitti, Florence
- Mushroom description: A single bolete
Burgkmair, Hans. German, Augsbourg 1473- Augsbourg 1531
- Title: The Battle of Cannae (Schlacht bei Cannae)
- Medium: Oil
- Location: Alte Pinakothek, Munich. Not on exhibit
- Mushroom description: Several capped mushrooms in left foreground
- Reference: Catalog, Alte Pinakothek. Munich. 1999.
Dalem, Cornelis van. Dutch. Active 1535-1576
- Title: Landscape with homestead (Landschaft mit Gehöft) 1564
- Location: Neue Pinakothek, Munich
- Mushroom description: Small agarics at the base of (maybe) an oak
- Web: Web Gallery of Art
Di Cosimo, Piero. Italian, 1461/62-1521
- — A —
- Title: The birth of Christ (Geburt Christi)
- Location: Alte Pinakothek, Munich (Inventory #1511)
- Mushroom description: Marasmius sp. on wall
- Reference: Mentioned by S. Killermann, 1927
- Note: Not on exhibit in 2000
- — B —
- Title: The Myth of Prometheus (Darstellung der Prometheus-Sage) 1515
- Location: Alte Pinakothek, Munich. (Inventory #5973)
- Mushroom description: Amanita muscaria, Macrolepiota procera and other mushrooms falling from a basket, small mushroom on right
- Reference: Kosina, C. 1990
- Web: Web Gallery of Art
- — C —
- Title: Madonna
- Location: Staatsmuseum, Vienna. On deposit
- Mushroom description: Three agarics (Laucoagaricus cf. leucothites)
- Reference: Mentioned by S. Killermann, 1927
Dürer, Albrecht. German, 1471-1528
- — A —
- Title: The feast of the garland (Das Rosenkranzfest) 1506
- Medium: Oil
- Mushroom description: A small capped mushroom in right background
- Location: National Gallery, Prague
- Reference: Anzelewsky. Dürer. Berlin-O. 1971. Mittlestädt. Albrecht Dürer. Berlin-O. 1986. Herder. Lexicon der Kunst, Vol. 4. Freiburg, ca. 1985.
- — B —
- Title: Woodcut of polypores. 1513
- Reference: Lippmann, F. Zeichnungen vonA. Durer in Nachbildungen. No. 912. Berlin. Winkler F. Albrecht Durer: Leben und Werk. No. 632. Berlin: Freitag. 1957.
Grünewald, Matthias = N. G. Nithart. [a]. German. Würzburg 1475 - Halle 1528
- Title: The Trial of St. Anthony (Versuchung des Heiligen Antonius) Isenheim Altarpiece, 1512?-1515?
- Location: Musée d'Unterlinden, Colmar, France
- Mushroom description: Two polypores on lower right, perhaps ganodermas
- Reference: Fraenger. Matthias Grünewald. 1983. Mittelstädt. Matthias Grünewald. Berlin. 1987.
- Web: http://sunsite.uniandes.edu.co/cgfa/grunewal/p-grunewa6.htm
Huys, Pieter. Flemish 1519-1584
- Title: The temptation of St. Anthony
- Medium: Oil
- Mushroom description: In foreground, a mouse carrying a stylized mushroom in its mouth
- Location: The Louvre, Paris. Metropolitan Museum, New York
Leonardo da Vinci. Italian. 1492-1519
- Title: The Virgin of the Rocks. 1510
- Medium: Oil
- Location: Privite collection, Geneva, Switzerland
- Mushroom description: Small mushrooms on wood
- Note: Paintings by the same name in the Louvre (1483-86) and the National Gallery, London (1503-06) have no visible mushrooms
Ligozzi Jacopo. Italian. Verona 1547-Florence 1627
- Title: Vision of S. Hyacinth
- Location: Pinacoteca Nazionale, Lucca, Italy
- Mushroom description: Indistinct group of mushrooms in left foreground
- Web:Scala Arvhives
Maino, Juan Bautista. Spanish. Pastrana ca.1578-Madrid 1649
- Title: Adoration of the Magi (La adoración de los Reyes) ca. 1610
- Location: El Prado, Madrid
- Mushroom description: Foreground, two inconspicuous mushrooms, one showing a ring (Agaricus?)
- Reference: Wasson, G. and V. Mushrooms, Russia, and History. New York: Pantheon Books. 1957. Clavell, Prado-Museum Spanische Kunst. Barcelona. 1991.
- Web: Web Gallery of Art
Manuel, Nikolaus. Swiss. Bern ca. 1484-1530
- Title: The hermits Paul and Anthony in the desert (Die Eremiten Paulus und Antonius in der Wüste) 1520
- Location: Kunstmuseum, Bern, Switzerland
- Mushroom description: Small polypores on a wooden cellar door
- Reference: Museum postcard
Orley van, Bernaert (designer). Flemish 1491/2-1542
- Title: Departure for the Hunt (Month of March), from “Hunts of Maximilian.”
- Note: Woven in Dermormen workshop, Brussels, 1531-33
- Medium: Tapestry of wool, silk, silver and gilt metal wrapped threads. 1528-31
- Location: Louvre
- Mushroom description: Unidentified mushroom(s)
- Viewed at: Exhibit, Metropolitan Museum, NYC. Tapestries in the Renaissance. 2002
Raphael, School of. 16th century
- Title: Worship of the shepherds (Adorazione dei pastori)
- Medium: Tapestry
- Location: Galleria degli Arazzi, Vaticano, Citta' del Vaticano
- Mushroom description: Mushrooms not visible in website
- Web: Scala Archives
Rembrandt, Harmensz van Rijn. Dutch. Leyden 1606-Amsterdam 1699
- Title: The baptism of the Eastern chamberlain. 1641
- Mushroom description: Fallen cap mushrooms (Macrolepiota?) near a horse’s hoof
- Information provided by: H. Marxmüller
Saive, Jean Baptiste de. Flemish. c. 1540-1624 (attributed to)
- Title: A Market Stall
- Medium: Oil on canvas, 136.5x186 cm.
- Location: Private collection, Scotland
- Mushroom description: One vendor is showing a basket of ostensibly Agaricus campestris
- Web: The Bridgeman Art Library
Woensam, Anton. German. 1493-1550. Active in Worms
- Title: Shrine retable with Saints Gereon or Cassius, Christ the Savior, Mary and Child and St. Helen (Schreinretabel mit den Heiligen Gereon oder Kassius, Christus Salvator, Maria mit dem Kind und der hl. Helena)
- Medium: Oil on wood, 133.8 x 175.9 cm. C. 1520
- Location: Diözesiansmuseum (Diocesan Museum), Freising, Germany
- Mushroom description: Small campanulate mushrooms on exposed root of tree, in right foreground
Zucchi, Jacomo. Italian c. 1540-1596
- Title: The Golden Age (Allegory of the Creation)
- Medium: Oil on copper, c. 1585
- Location: Galleria Borghese, Rome
- Mushroom description:In the center, below the left foot of Atlas, two brown, 0.7 cm Marasmius with pleated caps. Toward bottom of painting with plants and fruits, a white 0.7 cm cap Lactarius cap, with red, depressed center
- Reference: Magnificenza! The Medici, Michaelangelo, and the Art of Late Renaissance Florence. p.139. Yale University Press. 2002.