Nivatogastrium nubigenum (Harkness) Singer & Smith
Brittonia 11: 224. 1959.

Common Name: Bubblegum fungus

Synonym: Secotium nubigenum Harkness

• Pileus

  Cap 1.5-5.0 cm broad, subglobose to convex-depressed; margin incurved, typically remaining attached to the stipe at maturity; surface viscid when moist, otherwise dry, covered with light-brown to ochre-brown, appressed fibrils over a cream-buff background, fading in age; context up to 5.0 mm thick at the disc, elsewhere thin, pallid, or yellowish- tawny where injured; odor strongly aromatic, described as similar to "bubble-gum;" taste mild.

• Hymenophore

  Gill tissue consisting of crumpled, dull brown to dark reddish-brown plates and small, irregularly shaped chambers.

• Stipe

  Stipe present or absent; when present 0.5-2.5 cm long, 0.5-1.5 cm thick, short, tough, equal to pinched at the base; surface white, glabrous to cottony-fibrillose; context white, sporadically brown to rusty-brown where injured; veil whitish, membranous, inelastic, with ochre to light-brown fibrils, usually remaining fused to the stipe; annulus absent.

• Spores

  Spores 7.5-9.0 x 5.0-7.0 µm, elliptical, smooth, moderately thick-walled, with an apical germ pore; spores dull brown.

• Habitat

  Solitary to scattered on conifer wood in montane areas; fruiting during the spring shortly after snow-melt; common.

• Edibility

  Unknown.

• Comments

  Nivatogastrium nubigenum is a common snowbank species, distinctive because of its secotioid development and lignicolous habit. Typical of secotioid species, the cap usually remains attached to the stipe at maturity, while the "gills" consist of crumpled tissue, no longer capable of producing a spore print. Species from a number of gilled mushroom genera have adopted this type of development, presumably an adaptation to the dessicating conditions often seen in the Sierra. Thaxterogaster pingue is similar, but fruits in the fall, is terrestrial, and lacks a strong aromatic odor.

• References

  Singer, R. & Smith, A.H. (1959). Studies on secotiaceous fungi -- V. Nivatogastrium gen. nov. Brittonia 11: 224-228.
  Zeller, S.M. (1941). Further notes on fungi. Mycologia 33: 196-214.

• Other Descriptions and Photos
  • Herb Saylor: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP)
  • Michael Wood: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP) -- next to a spring snow bank in the Sierra Nevada mountains
  • Michael Wood: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP) -- next to a spring snow bank in the Sierra Nevada mountains
  • Michael Wood: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP) -- closeup of cut sporocarp
  • Michael Wood: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP) -- closeup of cut sporocarp
  • Michael Wood: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP)
  • Michael Wood: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP)
  • Handbook to Strategy 1 Fungal Species in the Northwest Forest Plan: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (D & CP)
  • Dr. Robert Thomas and Margaret Orr: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP)
  • Forest Mycology and Mycorrhiza Research Team: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP)
  • Mushroom Observer: Nivatogastrium nubigenum (CP)
  • Arora (1986): p. 735 (D & P)
  • Miller: sp. 375 (D & CP)
  
  

  (D=Description; I=Illustration; P=Photo; CP=Color Photo)