Agaricus silvicola (Vittadini) Peck
New York State Bot. Rep. 46:135. 1893.

Common Name: none

• Pileus

  Cap 6.0-12.0 cm broad, globose to deeply convex, becoming convex to plano-convex at maturity; margin incurved, then decurved, eventually straight; surface dry, white, glabrous to innately fibrillose, in dry weather sometimes squamulose; yellowing slowly when bruised or with age, yellow with KOH; context firm, white, unchanging, up to 1.5 cm thick; odor of anise or almonds; taste mild.

• Lamellae

  Gills free, close to crowded, moderately broad, pallid in youth, blackish-brown in age; edges lighter than the faces.

• Stipe

  Stipe 6.0-12.0 cm long, 1.5-2.0 cm thick, equal, clavate, sometimes bulbous, hollow to stuffed; surface of apex whitish, fibrillose-striate, lower stipe colored like above, more or less glabrous, stipe base slowly bruising yellowish to tawny; context white unchanging; veil double, the lower surface white, matted-tomentose, splitting radially in cogwheel fashion revealing a similarly textured often fissured under-layer; annulus white, thin, the margin blunt, pendulous, attached high on the stipe.

• Spores

  Spores 5.5-6.5 x 3.5-4.0 µm, ellipsoid, smooth, moderately thick-walled; hilar appendage conspicuous; spore print blackish-brown.

• Habitat

  Solitary or in small groups in mixed hardwood-conifer forests; fruiting from late fall to mid-winter; uncommon.

• Edibility

  Edible and excellent, although some may be sensitive to it. See "Comments".

• Comments

  This forest-dweller is recognized by a white cap which yellows slowly when bruised and an anise/almond odor. It is believed to be part of a group of closely related, but hard to distinguish species. One of these is Agaricus albolutescens, a shorter, stockier mushroom with a white cap and strong yellowing reaction when bruised. For several reasons, Agaricus silvicola and its relatives are not recommended for the table. Besides the occasional adverse reactions that have been reported, it bears a close resemblance to Agaricus xanthodermus, a toxic though not dangerously poisonous species. Like Agaricus silvicola, it may have a nearly white cap, but can be separated by a phenolic odor and stipe base that yellows quickly when bruised. A potentially far more serious problem for the inexperienced mycophagist is the possibility of confusion with the white form of Amanita phalloides, the Death Cap. See the Amanita phalloides description for details.

• References

  Kerrigan, Richard W. (1986). The Agaricales (Gilled Fungi) of California. 6. Agaricaceae. Mad River Press: Eureka, CA. 62 p.

• Other Descriptions and Photos
  • Dimitar Bojantchev: Agaricus silvicola (CP)
  • Pilze, Pilze, Pilze: Agaricus silvicola (CP)
  • First Nature: Agaricus silvicola (D & CP)
  • Arora (1986): p. 334 (D & P)
  • Arora (1991): p. 101 (D & CP)
  • Breitenbach & Kränzlin (vol. 4): sp. 194 (D, I , & CP)
  • Jordan: p. 227
  • Kerrigan: p. 47 (D)
  • McKenny: p. 150 (D & CP)
  • Orr & Orr: p. 134 (D)
  • Phillips: p. 192(CP), p. 193 (D)
  • Smith & Weber: sp. 172 (D & CP) [as Agaricus sylvicola]
  
  

  (D=Description; I=Illustration; P=Photo; CP=Color Photo)